Automation and Final Assessment Quiz
What can happen when expected values are changed in the same update merely to match observations?
- A) TCP always gets faster
- B) Regressions or policy violations can be concealed
- C) Original evidence is no longer needed
- D) Validation always becomes stricter
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Answer: B
Explanation: Review intent separately and record its revision/hash. Arbitrarily adjusting expectation and observation together makes validation self-confirming.
What does the time BGP returns to Established establish?
- A) Service convergence completed at exactly that time
- B) Every VRF is isolated
- C) Control-plane state; forwarding and service recovery need separate measurement
- D) Every packet was delivered without loss
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Answer: C
Explanation: Advertisement, selection, FIB and probe recovery times can differ. Align observation points and time axes.
Only a timeout was collected for a forbidden flow. How should it be normalized?
- A) Keep it unknown without policy-denial evidence
- B) Always mark deny
- C) Always mark allow
- D) Delete the flow record
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Answer: A
Explanation: Routing, listener or return-path failure can cause a timeout. Policy evidence must be correlated with the probe to establish denial.
The synthetic example prints CONSISTENT_RECORD. What was checked?
- A) Real-device forwarding success
- B) Production rollout approval
- C) Authenticity of original PCAPs
- D) Agreement of supplied intent and required record conditions
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Answer: D
Explanation: The checker validates consistency. A synthetic label or artifact name does not attest to actual traffic or collection.
Only 203.0.113.0/24 is approved for advertisement, but observations also contain 0.0.0.0/0. What should happen?
- A) Pass because more routes are better
- B) Reject the unexpected advertisement
- C) Automatically add it to intent
- D) Always ignore default routes
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Answer: B
Explanation: This contract compares the exact set advertised to one peer. Unexpected advertisements must not be hidden.
An artifact reference string exists. What remains to be verified?
- A) Nothing
- B) The original can be deleted
- C) Existence, hash, time, collector, vantage point and actual contents
- D) Expand every account permission
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Answer: C
Explanation: A reference and trustworthy evidence are different things. The example does not independently inspect originals.
Can FRR peer advertisements and the whole Linux FIB be compared as the same prefix list?
- A) Their scopes differ and need separate normalization and intent
- B) They are always identical
- C) Equal counts are enough
- D) ECMP always has one path
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Answer: A
Explanation: Control-plane advertisements and forwarding state are different datasets. Validate attributes or multipath information lost in set conversion separately.
What must be checked after recovery?
- A) Only that the process is alive
- B) One positive flow is enough
- C) Only the aggregate score
- D) Allowed flows, isolation and management access against the original criteria
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Answer: D
Explanation: Restoration is not complete merely because a configuration was copied. Recheck both required and forbidden behavior using the same observations.