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Pods and Workloads Lab Guide ​

Difficulty: Beginner Estimated Time: 50 minutes Last Updated: February 11, 2026

Learning Objectives ​

  • Create and manage Pods using YAML
  • Deploy and scale Deployments
  • Perform rolling updates and rollbacks

Prerequisites ​

  • [ ] kubectl installed and cluster access (minikube or kind)
  • [ ] Completed Pods and Workloads learning

Exercise 1: Pod Creation and Management ​

Steps ​

Step 1.1: Write Pod YAML

bash
cat > /tmp/nginx-pod.yaml << 'EOF'
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx-lab
  labels:
    app: nginx
    env: lab
spec:
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx:1.25
    ports:
    - containerPort: 80
    resources:
      requests:
        memory: "64Mi"
        cpu: "100m"
      limits:
        memory: "128Mi"
        cpu: "200m"
EOF

kubectl apply -f /tmp/nginx-pod.yaml

Step 1.2: Check Pod status

bash
kubectl get pod nginx-lab -o wide
kubectl describe pod nginx-lab
kubectl logs nginx-lab

Step 1.3: Access Pod internals

bash
kubectl exec -it nginx-lab -- bash
# Run inside:
curl localhost
exit

Verification ​

bash
kubectl get pod nginx-lab -o jsonpath='{.status.phase}'
# Output: Running

Exercise 2: Deployment ​

Steps ​

Step 2.1: Create Deployment

bash
cat > /tmp/nginx-deployment.yaml << 'EOF'
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-deploy
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx-deploy
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx-deploy
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: nginx:1.24
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
EOF

kubectl apply -f /tmp/nginx-deployment.yaml

Step 2.2: Check deployment status

bash
kubectl get deployment nginx-deploy
kubectl get replicaset
kubectl get pods -l app=nginx-deploy

Step 2.3: Scaling

bash
kubectl scale deployment nginx-deploy --replicas=5
kubectl get pods -l app=nginx-deploy -w
# Press Ctrl+C to stop watching
Need a hint?
  • kubectl get pods -w monitors changes in real-time
  • ReplicaSet is automatically managed by the Deployment
  • Use the -l option for label-based filtering

Verification ​

bash
READY=$(kubectl get deployment nginx-deploy -o jsonpath='{.status.readyReplicas}')
echo "Ready replicas: $READY"

Exercise 3: Rolling Update ​

Steps ​

Step 3.1: Update image

bash
kubectl set image deployment/nginx-deploy nginx=nginx:1.25 --record
kubectl rollout status deployment/nginx-deploy

Step 3.2: Check update history

bash
kubectl rollout history deployment/nginx-deploy
kubectl get replicaset -o wide

Verification ​

bash
kubectl get deployment nginx-deploy -o jsonpath='{.spec.template.spec.containers[0].image}'
# Output: nginx:1.25

Exercise 4: Rollback ​

Steps ​

Step 4.1: Update with invalid image (intentional error)

bash
kubectl set image deployment/nginx-deploy nginx=nginx:invalid-tag --record
kubectl rollout status deployment/nginx-deploy --timeout=30s

Step 4.2: Check error and rollback

bash
kubectl get pods -l app=nginx-deploy
kubectl rollback deployment/nginx-deploy 2>/dev/null || kubectl rollout undo deployment/nginx-deploy
kubectl rollout status deployment/nginx-deploy

Verification ​

bash
IMAGE=$(kubectl get deployment nginx-deploy -o jsonpath='{.spec.template.spec.containers[0].image}')
echo "Current image: $IMAGE"
[ "$IMAGE" = "nginx:1.25" ] && echo "Rollback successful!" || echo "Please verify the image"

Cleanup ​

bash
kubectl delete pod nginx-lab
kubectl delete deployment nginx-deploy
rm -f /tmp/nginx-pod.yaml /tmp/nginx-deployment.yaml

Next Steps ​